Google considers Core Web Vitals to be a set of particular factors that contribute to a webpage's overall user experience.
Three specific page performance and user interaction statistics make up Core Web Vitals: the greatest depends on the content paint, initial input delay, and cumulative layout shift. In a nutshell, Core Web Vitals are a subset of factors it will be included in Google's "page experience" score (basically, Google's way of evaluating the overall UX of your website).