What is Debian?

Klaus Warzecha

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Debian is the GNU / Linux distribution, which serves as the basis for Ubuntu. For a Debian standard installation, only free software is used. If non-free software is desired, this can be installed by explicitly activating the non-free component. That is, Debian separates proprietary software (proprietary software) strictly from free software. The distribution is developed by a community. This "community" of approximately 2,000 developers and a large number of committed users is continuously expanding Debian. Debian is generally considered to be a very reliable distribution.

The distribution is available in three variants: Debian stable, Debian testing and Debian Unstable. There is also experimental, but does not offer complete package selection and therefore is not a standalone version.

Debian Stable. This version is maintained between the main versions (about every two years) only through bug fixes and security updates. Thus it represents a very stable operating system basis, also for the use of current "stable-backports" or new releases of application programs. If a new Stable version is released, the name of the previous version changes to "Oldstable", which is then updated with security updates for at least one year to allow users to choose the time for their update.
Debian Testing. This version is continuously updated with new versions. It is the basis for the release of the next stable version, all release-critical bugs (RC bugs) are fixed from testing in its preparatory phase. This version contains more recent packages, some of which are newer than those in the currently released Ubuntu version. For production systems, which should be the same usable always, on which so do not always occur to changes by updated versions, but testing is not necessarily suitable.
Debian Unstable or "Sid" is the output of Debian, where all the latest packages of the developers end up. The installation of Sid is therefore rather less suitable for users. Packages from unstable after 10 days if no quality deficiencies were discovered automatically imported into testing.
Debian Experimental. This is not a complete distribution version, since only certain (always different) packages are provided. This version is intended to be tested only extensive changes or reset the time being, without the packages automatically (as in Unstable) imported after 10 days in the testing version.
 
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